How Does Stigma Affect Those With Substance Use Disorder?
Despite the availability of treatment, a significant gap remains between those who need it and those who receive it. Recent data from the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) highlights the ongoing challenges related to substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States.
- Substance Use Disorder Prevalence: In 2023, approximately 46.3 million people aged 12 or older had a substance use disorder. This figure includes both drug and alcohol use disorders
- Treatment Gap: Out of those with a substance use disorder, only about 6.5 million people (14%) received any form of treatment in the past year. This leaves 39.8 million people without the necessary treatment
The typical reasons that these individuals do not receive treatment include:
- Stigma and Discrimination: Many individuals did not seek treatment due to the stigma associated with addiction, fearing judgment from family, friends, and society.
- Cost and Access Barriers: Financial constraints and lack of insurance coverage were significant barriers. Additionally, the limited availability of treatment facilities, particularly in rural areas, contributed to the gap.
- Lack of Awareness: Some people were unaware of their need for treatment or the available options, which prevented them from seeking help.
- Personal Beliefs: A portion of individuals believed they could handle the problem on their own, without professional intervention.
Our Words Matter: Using Non-Stigmatizing Addiction Language
Words are powerful. They influence how we perceive and treat others, especially when discussing sensitive topics like addiction. Stigmatizing language can perpetuate negative stereotypes and impact the way individuals with substance use disorders are viewed and treated, both by themselves and others.
An individual should not be characterized or categorized by their disease or illness; rather, it is merely a condition they experience. For instance, instead of referring to someone as a “diabetic,” it is more appropriate to adopt person-first language and say “an individual with diabetes.” The same principle applies to the term “addict.”
In our communication, we have the option to choose our words carefully. We can either employ terminology that reinforces the negative stigma associated with substance use—terms that label individuals with addiction in a derogatory, shameful, and judgmental manner—or we can opt for language that is compassionate, supportive, and respectful.
For example, using person-first language, which focuses on the individual rather than their condition, is crucial. It helps to humanize those dealing with addiction and encourages a more compassionate and supportive approach. Such language fosters a better understanding of substance use disorder as a legitimate health issue.
By consciously re-evaluating and modifying our language, we can facilitate a more supportive environment for individuals struggling with addiction, enabling them to restore their self-esteem and seek treatment more comfortably. This shift in language can also encourage lawmakers to allocate necessary funding, empower healthcare providers to offer improved treatment, prompt insurers to expand coverage for evidence-based therapies, and enhance public awareness that this is a medical condition deserving of appropriate care.
It is crucial to take proactive measures to eliminate stigmatizing language directed at those facing substance use disorders, acknowledging the significant impact that words can have.
Recovery Words to Use
- Person with a Substance Use Disorder: This term emphasizes the person first, rather than defining them by their addiction.
- Recovery: Highlights the process of healing and improvement rather than focusing on past issues.
- Substance Use: Neutral and factual, avoiding negative connotations associated with “abuse” or “misuse.”
- Positive Drug Screen/Test: Factually describes the result without implying moral failure.
- Maintaining Recovery: Suggests ongoing effort and commitment, recognizing recovery as a continuous journey.
Recovery Words to Avoid
- Addict/Junkie/Alcoholic: These labels define a person by their addiction, reducing them to a stereotype rather than recognizing them as individuals with a complex identity.
- Clean/Dirty (about drug tests or sobriety): Implies moral judgment, with “clean” suggesting purity and “dirty” implying contamination or wrongdoing.
- Substance Abuse: Connotes violence or intentional harm, which can be misleading and stigmatizing.
- Former Addict/Ex-Addict: While this might seem positive, it still defines the individual by their past addiction rather than their current identity.
Being mindful of the language we use when discussing addiction is essential for fostering a more compassionate and effective approach to recovery. By choosing words that highlight the person rather than the problem, we can contribute to a more supportive and understanding community.
How to Change the Language of Addiction?
In a groundbreaking move, New Jersey is taking significant steps to change how we talk about addiction, recognizing the power of language in shaping perceptions and policies. By shifting from terms like “substance abuse” to “substance use disorder,” the state aims to reduce stigma and promote a more compassionate and understanding approach to those struggling with addiction.
This reform is essential, as our words can contribute to shame and isolation or foster empathy and support. This change in terminology not only helps in breaking down barriers to treatment but also aligns with the latest research and best practices in healthcare, which emphasize addiction as a chronic disease that can be managed with proper care and support.
Statistics underscore the importance of this reform. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, approximately 20 million people in the U.S. suffer from substance use disorders, yet only about 10% receive treatment. By removing stigmatizing language, New Jersey hopes to encourage more individuals to seek help without fear of judgment.
The initiative reflects a broader trend across the nation to create a more supportive environment for recovery, ultimately aiming to improve public health outcomes and reduce the societal impacts of addiction. These efforts are vital steps toward changing the narrative around addiction and providing a more inclusive path to healing and recovery for everyone affected.
What Can We Do to Destigmatize Addiction?
Stigma is a significant barrier for individuals with substance use disorders. It can lead to feelings of shame and isolation, making it difficult for individuals to seek treatment and support. Recognizing the impact of stigma is the first step in creating a more supportive environment for those struggling with addiction.
