Kratom: Uses, Side Effects, Misuse, and Treatment

Kratom use is increasing nationwide, particularly among individuals seeking non-opioid relief for chronic pain, anxiety, or fatigue. Promoted as a “natural” alternative, kratom often attracts older adults and those hesitant to use prescription medications. Its widespread availability—online and in smoke shops—has made it easily accessible, yet many users remain unaware of its addictive potential and the discomfort of withdrawal symptoms.

As more people turn to kratom for self-managed relief, the need for medical detox becomes critical. The Discovery Institute in Marlboro, New Jersey, offers compassionate, evidence-based support for individuals struggling with kratom dependence. Our experienced team creates personalized treatment plans that address both physical and emotional needs, helping clients achieve lasting recovery and a healthier, substance-free future.

What is Kratom?

Kratom is a plant-based supplement derived from the leaves of the Mitragyna speciosa tree, native to Southeast Asia. Typically consumed orally, kratom is typically marketed in various forms, such as herbal supplements. Users may ingest the raw plant material in the form of capsules or powders, incorporate the powder into food or beverages, or prepare tea using kratom leaves.

Research indicates that individuals utilize kratom for numerous reasons, such as enhancing energy and promoting relaxation, as well as a natural remedy to relieve pain and fatigue, as well as, manage symptoms and mood related to mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression, reduce reliance on opioids or other substances, and cope with withdrawal symptoms.

Although it is legal to sell and use in many parts of the United States, kratom has not received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for any medical applications. This is largely because researchers do not fully comprehend the various ways kratom impacts individuals, including both the short- and long-term health consequences associated with its consumption.

Common Uses of Kratom

• Pain Relief: Many use Kratom to manage chronic pain without prescription opioids.
• Opioid Withdrawal: Some rely on it to ease withdrawal symptoms from stronger substances.
• Recreational Use: At higher doses, Kratom can produce euphoric effects, leading to recreational use.

Legal Status and Accessibility

Kratom remains legal in most states in the U.S., although some have banned or restricted it. Its easy availability online and in smoke shops contributes to widespread use, despite growing concerns about safety and dependence.

How Does Kratom Affect the Brain and Body?

Similar to other substances, the effects of kratom may vary based on concentration, formulation, method of consumption, the presence of other substances in the body, pre-existing medical conditions, and dosage. At lower doses, kratom seems to exhibit stimulant effects—such as heightened energy, increased alertness, and a rapid heart rate. Conversely, at higher doses, kratom produces effects akin to those of opioids or sedatives. However, research has yet to determine whether the effects are dose-dependent.

Kratom contains two primary compounds that confer its psychoactive characteristics. These are mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. This compound appears to activate opioid receptors in the brain and is believed to play a role in kratom’s opioid-like effects. Additionally, some studies indicate that mitragynine might interact with adrenergic, serotonin, and dopamine receptors in the brain, potentially contributing to some of the stimulating effects that users have reported experiencing.

Is Kratom Addictive?

Yes, kratom can be addictive—especially when used frequently or in high doses. While some view it as a safer alternative to opioids, kratom interacts with the brain’s opioid receptors, which can lead to both physical and psychological dependence over time.

Signs and Symptoms of Kratom Addiction

• Increased Tolerance: Needing higher doses to achieve the same effects.
• Cravings: Persistent desire or compulsion to use Kratom.
• Withdrawal Symptoms: Irritability, muscle aches, insomnia, and nausea when not using.
• Loss of Control: Difficulty cutting back or stopping use despite negative consequences.

Physical and Psychological Dependence

Physically, users may experience withdrawal symptoms similar to opioids. Psychologically, kratom can become a coping mechanism for stress, anxiety, or emotional pain, making it harder to quit. Older adults using kratom for pain management may be especially vulnerable to dependence, often unaware of the risks. Professional detox support is essential for safely addressing kratom addiction and restoring long-term wellness.

Signs and Symptoms of Kratom Abuse

Kratom addiction can manifest through a range of behavioral, physical, and psychological symptoms. While some users may initially take kratom for pain relief or mood enhancement, prolonged use can lead to dependence and noticeable changes in daily functioning.

There have been a limited number of fatalities attributed to kratom overdose, with the majority of reported deaths linked to contaminated products or the use of other drugs. If you believe someone has overdosed on kratom or any other substance, it is imperative to call 911 immediately.

Most accounts of kratom overdoses are based on anecdotal evidence. One case report indicates that the symptoms of a kratom overdose may resemble those seen in opioid overdoses.

Recognizing these symptoms early is key to seeking help. Professional detox and recovery support can help someone going through withdrawal safely manage symptoms and rebuild healthy routines.

Side Effects and Uses of Kratom

Kratom’s effects vary depending on the dose, making it appealing to a wide range of users. At low doses, it acts as a stimulant, increasing energy and alertness. At higher doses, it produces sedative effects similar to opioids, offering pain relief and relaxation.

Short-Term Effects of Kratom

Low Doses

• Increased energy
• Enhanced focus
• Mild mood elevation

High Doses

• Pain relief
• Sedation
• Euphoria

Older adults and individuals with chronic pain often turn to kratom as a “natural” alternative to prescription opioids. Many seek relief without the stigma or side effects of traditional medications. However, the lack of regulation and growing risk of dependence make professional guidance essential for safe use and recovery.