Meloxicam is in the class of prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to alleviate pain from osteoarthritis along with inflammation. As with NSAIDs in general, taking meloxicam may increase one’s risk for stomach bleeding and cardiovascular problems [1]. Some of the less serious adverse effects of meloxicam are upset stomach, headache, and mild dizziness, as well as any swelling.
Patients should immediately seek emergency help if they experience any of the following:
Chest pain, sudden weakness, slurring of speech, vomiting blood, or having black or tarry stool(s), having a severe skin rash, or showing other signs of a severe allergic reaction.
Call your prescriber if you experience:
Persistent stomach pain, unexplained swelling, decreased urine output (less than 1-2 times/day), yellow skin or eyes (jaundice), and ongoing dizziness that is affecting your ability to carry out your normal activities.
Meloxicam is a prescription NSAID, classified as being similar to Ibuprofen and Naproxen. Your doctor will prescribe Meloxicam for treating chronic pain and inflammation [2].
Meloxicam is FDA-approved to treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in adults, along with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis in children aged 2 years and older [3]. All of these conditions include ongoing joint inflammation; therefore, Meloxicam treats the pain, stiffness, and limitation of daily living from this inflammation.
Meloxicam works by blocking the COX-2 enzyme in the body [4], which produces chemicals that create inflammation, pain, and fever. The fundamental principle of NSAID medications is to take the lowest possible dose for the shortest length of time to reduce the risk associated with taking an NSAID [2].
Most people who take meloxicam tolerate it well, but side effects can occur. Understanding what’s normal versus what requires medical attention helps you use this medication safely.
| Side Effect | How It Feels | How Common | Safer Self-Care | When to Call |
| Stomach upset/indigestion | Burning, discomfort, nausea | Very common | Take with food; stay hydrated | If severe or persistent |
| Diarrhea or constipation | Changes in bowel habits | Common | Increase fiber/fluids | If bloody, black, or severe |
| Headache | Mild to moderate head pain | Common | Rest, hydration | If severe |
| Dizziness | Lightheaded feeling | Common | Stand slowly; avoid driving | If persistent or causing falls |
| Swelling (ankles/feet) | Puffiness, tight shoes | Common | Elevate legs; monitor | If sudden or severe |
Gastrointestinal problems are among the most common side effects of meloxicam. Symptoms of GI problems can include stomach pain, indigestion, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation [1]. When starting meloxicam, headaches and dizziness are common side effects. Swelling and fluid retention may occur in the ankles and feet due to how NSAIDs affect fluid handling by the kidneys [2].
Those who are recovering from drug abuse should be aware that using alcohol, sedative drugs, or other non-prescribed medications to treat a meloxicam side effect will make it much more difficult to control that side effect. This is because drinking increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Speak with your physician for recommendations on safe methods of controlling side effects from meloxicam.
While most people take meloxicam without serious problems, this medication carries important risks.
The FDA has given a black box warning for Meloxicam, indicating that this drug may increase the chances of having a heart attack or stroke [2]. Cardiovascular events can occur without any signs or symptoms and can be life-threatening. People who take this type of medication for longer periods of time will have a greater risk of developing these complications, particularly those with known cardiovascular disease or risk factors [1].
You should seek immediate medical attention if you notice any of the following: sudden chest discomfort; sudden weakness on one side of the body; trouble speaking clearly; sudden and intense headache; difficulty breathing; or changes in vision.
The second black box warning addresses severe gastrointestinal issues, such as bleeding, ulcers, and perforation in the stomach or intestines. These complications can occur unexpectedly and without prior symptoms.
Signs that necessitate urgent medical care include: vomiting blood or substances resembling coffee grounds, having black or tarry stools, experiencing intense abdominal discomfort, or enduring ongoing stomach pain that intensifies [1].
When you take a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) like meloxicam, it may lower the amount of blood being delivered to your kidneys, which can lead to damage. Signs that your kidneys have been harmed include: Decreased urine output, swelling, especially in the legs, ankles, or feet; abnormal fatigue; confusion; or difficulty breathing. NSAIDs such as meloxicam can also increase blood pressure and/or worsen preexisting high blood pressure [2].
Meloxicam is not a frequent contributor to liver damage; however, it has been known to cause this injury in some users. Manifested symptoms may include yellowing of skin & eyes (i.e., jaundice), yellowing of urine, along with severe nausea and vomiting, unusual/early fatigue, and pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen [4].
In the event of anaphylaxis, which is a condition that causes serious reactions to allergies, the following symptoms may occur: Trouble breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, feeling extremely dizzy, and hives. Other potentially life-threatening skin reactions to allergies are: severe rash, blister formation, skin peeling, or sores inside the mouth [1]. Anyone who suspects that they are experiencing any of these symptoms should seek emergency medical assistance by calling 911.
Meloxicam may have negative effects on an unborn child, especially after the 20-week mark of gestation [5]. Therefore, if you are currently pregnant, hope to get pregnant, or are breastfeeding, discuss meloxicam usage with your obstetrician or provider for further guidance about this medication.
Typically, drowsiness is not considered an expected side effect of meloxicam; however, some patients report experiencing drowsiness, fatigue, or mental confusion while taking meloxicam [1]. It is helpful for patients to be able to distinguish between experiencing sleepiness from taking meloxicam and other side effects, such as dizziness or feelings of fatigue or weakness due to other factors. Some patients find that taking meloxicam helps them control their pain and makes it possible for them to obtain sufficient sleep, and consequently reduces their sense of fatigue when awake.
Do not drive or operate heavy equipment until you know how meloxicam will affect you if you feel sleepy or have difficulty concentrating (i.e., mental fog). You should also discuss any other medications you take with your health care provider since meloxicam may increase the amount of sleepiness you feel from other medications, such as antihistamines, sleeping pills, anti-anxiety medications, muscle relaxants, and opioids. You should not change your dose or the time you take your medication without consulting your doctor first.
Individuals in recovery or individuals who are actively using alcoholic or sedative substances can be at an increased risk when taking Meloxicam in combination. The combination of Alcohol and Meloxicam greatly increases the risk of bleeding from the stomach. Also, the combination of Meloxicam with alcohol or a sedative substance is a significant contributor to increased drowsiness, which can lead to accidents, falls, and impaired judgment. Make sure to always disclose all substances you take to your healthcare team honestly.
Follow the instructions above precisely. Don’t take greater quantities of meloxicam or use meloxicam more than recommended [1]. It may be beneficial to eat food or drink milk at the same time as taking meloxicam to reduce any stomach upset caused by meloxicam. Also, stay hydrated, and report any excessive swelling that you may experience to your doctor. Continue to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you suffer from hypertension.
Unless advised by your physician, do not mix meloxicam with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that include ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin. Mixing these medications greatly increases the risk of bleeding in the stomach and developing serious side effects.
High-risk drug interactions exist with blood-thinning drugs you may take, such as warfarin and apixaban, as well as antiplatelet drugs you may take, such as clopidogrel. Antidepressant drugs (SSRIs) and (SNRIs), and many blood pressure medications, such as ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme), ARBs (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers), and diuretics, and even corticosteroids such as prednisone, are also high-risk interactions. To ensure your health and safety, make sure you provide your healthcare provider with information regarding all medications you are taking.
Emergency care (call 911): chest pain, sudden weakness or difficulty speaking, vomiting blood, black or tarry stools, severe skin rash, or severe allergic reaction signs.
Call your prescriber promptly if you experience persistent stomach pain, new or worsening swelling, dizziness affecting daily function, new shortness of breath, reduced urination, yellowing of skin or eyes, or unexplained bruising.
Risk factors include a history of stomach ulcers or GI bleeding, older age (over 65), heart disease or risk factors, kidney disease, taking blood thinners, and post-heart bypass surgery.
People who use alcohol heavily or mix medications face additional risks. Heavy alcohol use increases stomach bleeding risk, and adding an NSAID compounds this danger. If you’re in recovery or currently using substances, being open with your healthcare team helps them provide safer care.
Being aware of the specific side effects of Meloxicam provides you with the knowledge necessary to safely utilize this type of pain relief medication. You may require specialized support in order to manage chronic pain as part of your ongoing recovery from substance use disorder. Alternatively, you may be concerned about possible interactions between the two types of drugs.
At The Discovery Institute, our compassionate staff understands the challenges associated with managing pain and medications safely in conjunction with the recovery process. Our staff provides medical detoxification, residential treatment services, intensive outpatient treatment services, relapse prevention, and family support programs, as well as customized treatment options. Our staff can help you manage pain and other substance use issues in a supportive manner. You will not need to face these challenges by yourself.
Our compassionate counselors are standing by to answer any questions you may have. After helping thousands of people over the last 50 years, we have the resources to help you and your family and all your individual needs.
The Discovery Institute aims to provide accurate, ethical, clinically sound information regarding addiction and mental health for individuals and their families. All content published by The Discovery Institute is reviewed for accuracy and clarity by qualified individuals and is medically reviewed. We aim to make complicated subjects easy to understand without resorting to fear-based marketing techniques or misleading assurances. Content is regularly reviewed and updated to reflect current best practices, ensuring readers receive reliable, supportive guidance.
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